Dry eye syndrome is an increasingly common condition affecting millions worldwide. It occurs when the eyes don't produce enough tears or when the tears evaporate too quickly, leading to inflammation and discomfort. This syndrome can significantly impact one's quality of life, making it essential to understand its causes, symptoms, and treatment options.
Our New Jersey eye care team discusses this further below.
Causes and Symptoms of Dry Eye Syndrome
There are various causes of dry eye syndrome. We can divide them into two primary categories: decreased tear production and increased tear evaporation.Â
Factors that decrease tear production include aging, medical conditions such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, thyroid disorders, and certain medications, including antihistamines and antidepressants. Increased tear evaporation can result from exposure to wind, smoke, or dry air and prolonged screen time, which reduces blinking and eyelid problems.
Symptoms of dry eye syndrome include:
- Stinging or burning sensation in the eyes
- Redness
- Blurry or double-vision
- Light sensitivity
- A feeling of grittiness or having something in your eyes
Paradoxically, individuals may also experience watery eyes due to the eye's response to irritation.
Available Treatment Options for Dry Eye
Treatment for dry eye syndrome aims to restore or maintain the normal amount of tears in the eye, minimizing dryness and its related discomfort. Options include:
Artificial Tears: Over-the-counter eye drops are the most common treatment for mild cases
Prescription Medications: Your eye doctor can prescribe anti-inflammatory eye drops or tear-stimulating drugs for more severe cases
Specialized Procedures: Punctal plugs to block tear drainage or special contact lenses can help manage symptoms
Lifestyle Changes: Increasing humidity in the environment, taking breaks during long tasks involving screens, and dietary modifications can be beneficial
Dry eye syndrome is more than an inconvenience; it can affect daily activities and overall eye health. Understanding its causes and symptoms is the first step toward effective management. If you suspect you have dry eye syndrome, consulting with an eye care professional is crucial to determining the best treatment plan for you. With the right approach, it's possible to alleviate symptoms and improve your quality of life.